Irregular periods refer to changes in your menstrual cycle's timing, flow, or duration. This can include periods that are closer together or further apart, skipping months entirely, heavier or lighter bleeding than usual or periods that last longer or shorter than normal.

Irregular periods happen because of fluctuating hormone levels, particularly oestrogen and progesterone, the hormones that regulate your cycle, begin to rise and fall unpredictably. The ovaries become less responsive, and ovulation becomes irregular or stops entirely. This hormonal rollercoaster causes disruptions in the menstrual cycle – often years before periods stop altogether (menopause is defined as 12 consecutive months without a period).

Hormonal contraception (e.g. the pill, patch, or hormonal IUD) can regulate periods and reduce heavy bleeding. If you experience heavy bleeding for more than 7 days, talk to your GP. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) may also help regulate cycles and manage other symptoms like hot flushes or mood swings.